Giuseppe Garibaldi is definitely the historic character of the nineteenth century and more popular. Ma la vera storia dell’Eroe dei Due Mondi, è un po’diversa da quella raccontata dai libri di storia. Ecco qui alcuni stralci di una biografia “senza censure”, dalla quale il giovane Garibaldi esce con le ossa rotte…
Non c’è un solo Comune, in Italia, grande o piccolo che sia, privo di una piazza o di una via dedicata a Giuseppe Garibaldi. È sicuramente il personaggio storico del XIX secolo rimasto più popolare, certamente più degli altri due monumenti del Risorgimento, Cavour e Vittorio Emanuele II. È solo con l’avvento del leghismo che si inizia a rendere Carlo Cattaneo un più degno concorrente dell’Eroe dei Due Mondi.
Ma l’uno è uomo action, the other is essentially science and letters. The acting with a large military force but with very poor literacy skills (he was not Julius Caesar), the other had zero quality warlike but had genuine ability to plan the future of a nation. A pity that between the two has not been able to establish an understanding, even when Cattaneo runs to Naples to follow Garibaldi's dictatorship.
century bourgeois hero, Garibaldi reflects the mind of a middle class still largely pioneering and adventurous, romantic, beyond good and evil. Soon turns into a "myth" to those who sit behind a desk all day, not allowed the slightest Sgarro rules, is not liable even his shaving brush and simply dream worlds to conquer, traveling with the imagination. Garibaldi evokes a Sandokan in the flesh, but not the purity of the unreal character created by Emilio Salgari. Of her, adds a real Tombeur de femmes. Women he's had so much in life that his reputation could stand only for the experience private. And perhaps for this reason, it's nice to Vittorio Emanuele II, which is honored to have him as a friend. From
disenchanted vision of Gilberto Oneto, who wrote "The Iperitaliano, hero or scoundrel?", The Hero of Two Worlds comes out pumped from the literature journalistic myth-inspired massonica prima ancora che tornasse in Italia dopo i 12 anni trascorsi in America latina, nessuno dei quali svolgendo un lavoro onesto e normale che sia uno.
Da questa biografia “senza censure”, o non autorizzata, il giovane Garibaldi esce con le ossa rotte: già massone mazziniano poco più che ventenne, per tutta la vita non farà altro che collaborare con i servizi inglesi, protetto ben oltre il limite della decenza, svolgendo di fatto una pesante attività di pirateria al soldo dei potentati locali.
L’INIZIO FRA RAPINE E SACCHEGGI Oneto ricorda che ricorrerà spesso alla rapina, al saccheggio e al pluriomicidio - particolare quest'ultimo che lo vede personalmente coinvolto - Often by armed gangs made up of thieves and criminals, recruited from Italian origin led by him and left free to roam around the large rivers and seas that lap the border of Uruguay, Argentina and Brazil. Even the love affairs with his wife Anita have a romantic noir aspect, since he never understood how he died and was buried where the first woman's husband, after the lightning that pierced the woman and the future general Savoy.
However, before his return to Italy, Garibaldi will not be able to get rich, because at this stage of his life, the money does not seem to interest him much. A detail that ultimately saves him, making a figure more complessa, allontanata dal comune criminale.
I primi veri patrioti al suo comando, eroi pronti a sacrificare la vita per un ideale, li avrà soltanto durante le vicende della repubblica romana, quando, circondato ai vertici da una schiera di incompetenti e presuntuosi proverà a mettere a disposizione la sua indiscussa esperienza con le armi e con le tattiche guerrigliere. Sarà anche la prima volta che si scontrerà drammaticamente con un esercito di valore e ben altrimenti organizzato rispetto a quelli incontrati in America Latina, dove l’essere “eroi” è ordine del giorno.
IL FALLIMENTO DEL GUERRIGLIERO Qui ha a che fare con l’esercito francese, ben organizzato e meglio civilized nothing to do with the military headquarters in Latin America. The impact is hard: not only will fail to root the intent of hiding the "politics" in the countryside, but in the frantic escape Anita died of starvation, though very popular so often betrayed an entire collection of women. A "Che" Guevara before his time can not be born in the Papal States. Indeed, although supporters have fielded posterity to great lengths to present it like a good fighter, can not arise in any part of Italy, let alone in the South, where the phenomenon known as "banditry" is a paradoxical opposite reaction on the part of farmers. There's all this overt enthusiasm per l’unità politica della Penisola, Garibaldi se ne rende ben conto.
Ma se le cose stanno così, come mai riesce la missione dei Mille? Enorme è l’intreccio di corruzione, massoneria, mafia, camorra, fra una rete di complotti interni e internazionali. In questo contesto nascerà l’Italia che ogni cittadino ha imparato a conoscere.
Quando l’Eroe dei Due Mondi sbarcherà a Marsala (le pagine in cui Oneto descrive il viaggio verso la Sicilia sono sicuramente tra le più belle del libro) è già stato ampiamente preceduto dagli emissari di Cavour che non si sono fatti scrupoli nell’investire ingenti somme di denaro per corrompere alti ufficiali dell’esercito napoletano and public authorities. The support of the masonry is complete. And among the first to swell the ranks of the Thousand picciotti we are particularly bloody, tied to the Mafia, already branched out in the countryside despite being effectively combated by the authorities of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, at least in cities. The same will happen with the Camorra in Naples, which is at the service of Garibaldi.
The combination of MAFIA and Conspiracies With the Kingdom of Italy the Mafia and the Camorra will not know no limits to their expansion. Of course, the whole process of conquest was followed by the English fleet, which is ordered to accept if the Garibaldi things were going wrong. In "The Iperitaliano" Oneto accurately cites facts, names, circumstances, reconstruction of the amount contributed, the promises of career in the Italian army, the episodes of pillaging by many partisans of aggregates at the last moment and dodger.
Bixio WAR CRIMINALS For the Sicilians not only a sad start of the new national unity, a change of ruler, without consent annexation to Piedmont, but a new submission much worse. For the farmers, which initially had been promised the earth, was deprived of all hope: the church lands confiscated and even those granted only to the usual state-owned barons they could buy them at auction. In some of the villages which dared to rebel against - those of Bronte, and Niscemi Ragabulto, where landowners were English - he was sent to the General Nino Bixio: crazy wild, a real war criminal who does not hesitate to shoot dozens of innocent people. Today someone like him would be on trial at The Hague, but the rhetoric has found Risorgimento find a way to dedicate a street in every city.
The passage of the Straits, in Calabria, is more or less the same way, with the Neapolitan navy and senior army officers mysteriously deaf and blind, so much so that on several occasions, sailors and soldiers to turn against the manifest (and interest) cowardice command. In Calabria, about 1500 Garibaldi had reason to 17,000 Neapolitan troops, who fired a shot or not, or surrendered en masse or fled or went with the uniform Garibaldi.
Admission to Naples in general with the poncho is once again without a shot being proud of its Patroness, the powerful fleets of the Royal Navy and the Camorra, the only one capable of ensuring a semblance of order. After unification, the officers will go into mass with the Italian army with extensive promotions, but few were those of the troops that followed the same example. Between Milan, Bergamo and Alexandria, the Kingdom of Savoy will set up real lager destined for southern rioters: 32 000 prisoners held in appalling conditions, many of whom will die of starvation.
The government of Garibaldi in Naples is still today one of the worst experiences to be touched to open the city throughout its history. It was characterized by measures often foolish, as the outright abolition of tariffs, which ruin the industry of the South, or pure robbery, sometimes vengeful and cruel. There is also a strong outpouring of public money to the mafia to provide the "needs of the people", the wives, sisters, the cognate of the most powerful Camorra members are assigned full pensions. Within two months there is a penny into the coffers of State Neapolitan disappears the equivalent of two thousand billion euro, much of which in a mysterious and unjustified. The evidence of theft and waste, or any of them, lie to three thousand meters under the sea, along with the wreckage of a ship that was to be directed at Genoa, but it sank in more than suspicious circumstances.
A Freemason LEFT CONFUSED The story begins in Italy in 1861. Garibaldi guide a company bigger than him and is totally devoid of the qualities of a statesman. He failed the last attempt to set a different country, as suggested the Republican entourage and the Carlo Cattaneo, who insisted on federalist principles.
After the Thousand, despite the acquisition of the highest degrees of Freemasonry, which may not be willing to follow him, Garibaldi will assume more and more leftist political views, to attend the Socialist International with Marx and Bakunin, emphasizing an anti-clericalism visceral, unthinkable today. But when the offer risky military command of the Paris Commune, politely refuses.
Throughout his life, the Hero of Two Worlds, just by virtue of its ability guerrillas, never supported by an effective political culture, it was always left to exploit strong and very strong powers, from which it dissociates only in words, directing the Its action against unlucky anyway intended to be torn apart by history.
